Eğer tek bir cisco router simule etmek istiyorsanız sadece dynamips kullanmanız yeterlidir. Ancak birden fazla Cisco yönlendiriciyi birbirine bağlayıp bir topolojiyi ayağa kaldırmak istiyorsanız (sanal / simulasyon ortamında) bu durumda dynagen'i de işe katmanız gerekir.
Ben bu örnekte Ubuntu 12.04 kullandım. Tariflerim bu işletim sistemi için olsada dynagen çalıştırabileceğiniz tüm işletim sistemleri için rehberlik edebilir. Öncelikle dynagen (ve bağımlılık kontrolü sayesinde dynamips de) uygulamasını yüklüyorum.
ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ sudo apt-get install dynagen Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: dynamips python-configobj The following NEW packages will be installed: dynagen dynamips python-configobj 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 1,070 kB/1,418 kB of archives. After this operation, 4,263 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Get:1 http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main python-configobj all 4.7.2+ds-3build1 [233 kB] Get:2 http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/multiverse dynagen all 0.11.0-6 [836 kB] Fetched 1,070 kB in 0s (1,495 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package dynamips. (Reading database ... 206573 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking dynamips (from .../dynamips_0.2.7-0.2.8RC2-5ubuntu1_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package python-configobj. Unpacking python-configobj (from .../python-configobj_4.7.2+ds-3build1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package dynagen. Unpacking dynagen (from .../dynagen_0.11.0-6_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for doc-base ... Processing 1 added doc-base file... Registering documents with scrollkeeper... Setting up dynamips (0.2.7-0.2.8RC2-5ubuntu1) ... Setting up python-configobj (4.7.2+ds-3build1) ... Setting up dynagen (0.11.0-6) ... Processing triggers for python-support ... ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$
İhtiyacımız olan uygulamalar artık işletim sistemimizde mevcut. Şimdi de örnek network topolojimize geçelim,
Bu örneğe göre 3 adet Cisco Router simule edeceğiz. Bunun için tek bir dynamips servisinin yeterli olacağını düşünüyorum.
1-) dynamips servisinin başlatılması;
ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ dynamips -H 7100 & [1] 16919 Cisco Router Simulation Platform (version 0.2.8-RC2-amd64) Copyright (c) 2005-2007 Christophe Fillot. Build date: Jan 18 2011 19:25:29 Hypervisor TCP control server started (port 7100). ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ ps -ef | grep dynamips ismail 16919 8265 6 17:59 pts/2 00:00:00 dynamips -H 7100 ismail 16934 8265 0 17:59 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto dynamips ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$
"dynamips -H 7100 &" komutu ile dynamips servisini 7100 nollu porttan çalıştırıp, "&" kısmı le başlatılan bu servisi arka plana atmış oluyoruz. "ps -ef | grep dynamips" komutu ile ise, başlattığımız servisi kontrol ediyoruz. Aldığımız cevap işlern younda gittiğini gösteriyor.
2-) dynagen topoloji dosyasının oluşturulması;
# [1 nolu dynamips başlangıç] [localhost:7100] udp=10000 workingdir = /tmp/working [[3725]] image = /tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin ram = 128 # idlepc = ?? Bunun hakkında daha sonra konuşacağız ghostios = true sparsemem = true idlemax = 100 disk0=128 [[Router R1]] model = 3725 console = 2001 autostart = false # F0/0 = S0/0 = R2 S0/0 [[Router R2]] model = 3725 console = 2002 autostart = false # F0/0 = S0/0 = R1 S0/0 S0/1 = R3 S0/0 [[Router R3]] model = 3725 console = 2003 autostart = false S0/0 = R2 S0/1 # F0/0 = # [1 nolu dynamips bitiş]
[localhost:7100] ile başlayan ilk bölüm çalışmaktan olan dynamips servisi ile bağlantı kurmak içindir. Çalışırken bazı dosyalar oluşturulacak, working dizini bu dosyaların yolunu belirliyor.
[3725] ile işaret edilen ikinci bölüm ise, hangi cisco modeli cihaz oluşturduğumuz ifade ediyor. Bu model cihazın kullandığı ios imajı ve ram gibi bazı donanımsal bilgiler de bu bölümde tanımlanmaktadır.
Topoloji dosyaımızın son bölümü ise, sanal yönlendiricilerimizin tanımlandıkları yer. İkinci bölümde birden fazla model tanımlayabilir ve bu bölümde her bir sanal yönlendiricimiz için faklı bir model profili kullanabilirdik. Yine yönlendirici tanımlarken, konsol bağlantı port numarası, otomatik başlatılacak mı ve arabilirim (interface) bağlantıları da tanımlanmaktadır.
"working" dizinimizi /tmp aldında oluşturduktan sonratopoloji dosyamızı "/tmp/sample1.net" ismi ile kaydedip, dynagen 'i başlatıyoruz;
ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ vim /tmp/sample1.net {write dynagen configuration file content as above INSTANCE1} ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ dynagen /tmp/sample1.net Reading configuration file... Shutdown in progress... Shutdown completed. CPU0: carved JIT exec zone of 64 Mb into 2048 pages of 32 Kb. NVRAM is empty, setting config register to 0x2142 C3725 instance 'ghost-c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin-localhost.ghost' (id 3): VM Status : 0 RAM size : 128 Mb NVRAM size : 128 Kb IOS image : /tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin Loading ELF file '/tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin'... ELF entry point: 0x80008000 C3725 'ghost-c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin-localhost.ghost': starting simulation (CPU0 PC=0xffffffffbfc00000), JIT enabled. C3725 'ghost-c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin-localhost.ghost': stopping simulation. Network successfully loaded Dynagen management console for Dynamips and Pemuwrapper 0.11.0 Copyright (c) 2005-2007 Greg Anuzelli, contributions Pavel Skovajsa => list Name Type State Server Console R1 3725 stopped localhost:7100 2001 R2 3725 stopped localhost:7100 2002 R3 3725 stopped localhost:7100 2003 => => ? Documented commands (type help <topic>): ======================================== capture confreg cpuinfo export hist list py save show suspend clear console end filter idlepc no reload send start telnet conf copy exit help import push resume shell stop ver => => start R1 Warning: Starting R1 with no idle-pc value CPU0: carved JIT exec zone of 64 Mb into 2048 pages of 32 Kb. C3725 instance 'R1' (id 0): VM Status : 0 RAM size : 128 Mb NVRAM size : 128 Kb IOS image : /tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin Loading ELF file '/tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin'... ELF loading skipped, using a ghost RAM file. ELF entry point: 0x80008000 C3725 'R1': starting simulation (CPU0 PC=0xffffffffbfc00000), JIT enabled. 100-VM 'R1' started => => start R2 Warning: Starting R2 with no idle-pc value CPU0: carved JIT exec zone of 64 Mb into 2048 pages of 32 Kb. NVRAM is empty, setting config register to 0x2142 C3725 instance 'R2' (id 1): VM Status : 0 RAM size : 128 Mb NVRAM size : 128 Kb IOS image : /tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin Loading ELF file '/tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin'... ELF loading skipped, using a ghost RAM file. ELF entry point: 0x80008000 C3725 'R2': starting simulation (CPU0 PC=0xffffffffbfc00000), JIT enabled. 100-VM 'R2' started => start R3 Warning: Starting R3 with no idle-pc value CPU0: carved JIT exec zone of 64 Mb into 2048 pages of 32 Kb. NVRAM is empty, setting config register to 0x2142 C3725 instance 'R3' (id 2): VM Status : 0 RAM size : 128 Mb NVRAM size : 128 Kb IOS image : /tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin Loading ELF file '/tmp/c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T13.bin'... ELF loading skipped, using a ghost RAM file. ELF entry point: 0x80008000 C3725 'R3': starting simulation (CPU0 PC=0xffffffffbfc00000), JIT enabled. 100-VM 'R3' started =>
Bir başka terminal açıp aşağıdaki komutu çalıştırdığımızda R1 yönlendiricisine erişeceğiz,
ismail@ismail-ThinkPad-T410:~$ telnet localhost 2001 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Connected to Dynamips VM "R1" (ID 0, type c3725) - Console port when press enter will appear this; % Please answer 'yes' or 'no'. Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]:
Ctrl+C ile cisco'nun "initial configuration" sihirbazından çıkıyoruz;
Press RETURN to get started! *Mar 1 00:00:03.843: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface VoIP-Null0, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:03.847: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface IPv6-mpls, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:03.927: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:03.935: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:04.927: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:04.935: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:32.927: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down *Mar 1 00:01:26.839: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down *Mar 1 00:01:32.875: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:01:39.015: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:0 Router>1:39.075: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:01:40.115: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted -- Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3725-ADVENTERPRISEK9-M), Version 12.4(15)T13, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2010 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 07-Apr-10 12:44 by prod_rel_team *Mar 1 00:01:40.123: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host Router is undergoing a cold start *Mar 1 00:01:40.147: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down *Mar 1 00:01:40.147: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to down *Mar 1 00:01:40.159: %CRYPTO-6-ISAKMP_ON_OFF: ISAKMP is OFF *Mar 1 00:01:40.159: %CRYPTO-6-GDOI_ON_OFF: GDOI is OFF *Mar 1 00:01:40.951: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:01:40.951: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:01:41.951: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down *Mar 1 00:01:43.839: %IP-5-WEBINST_KILL: Terminating DNS process Router>
2002 ve 2003 ile diğer yönlendiricilerin konsollarına da ulaşabiliriz.
telnet localhost 2001
telnet localhost 2002
telnet localhost 2003
Find the network properties from the menu of the Internet connection. For example, in Windows 10, you can go to “Open Network and Internet Settings”, followed by a window with a status tab. Router-Help
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